Merry Xmas Augusta

Merry Xmas morning Augusta Maine.

This morning it is partly cloudy with a chance of snow, right on schedule, later in the day, chance of snow is 70%. Temps expected to reach the 20's. Winds will be light and variable.

Tonight snow showers are likely with snow expected to be and additional 2 to 4 inches deep. Chance of snow is still at 70%.  Temps will be in the 20ºF range, an increase from the past two nights. Winds will remain light and variable.

The readings outside right now are:

a relative humidity of 75% with a Dew Point of 7.4ºF.

The temperature is 13.3ºF. We have almost no wind chill.

The wind velocity right now is between 2.5 mph and 2.7 mph and is Southwest. 

Our Barometric pressure is 30.27 and falling. The weather graphic indicates clouds. 

We had no precipitation overnight.

Visibility is 10.0 miles with some clouds, with the overcast reaching down to 900 feet.

Now that the kids have outdoor toys to play with, you might like to know a bit about how to recognize and treat frostbite.

Frostbite is damage to the skin and underlying tissues caused by extreme cold.

A person with frostbite on the extremities may also be subject to hypothermia (lowered body temperature). Check for hypothermia and treat those symptoms first. Remember, rapid rewarming of someone with hypothermia is not advisable, you should do it in accordance with sound medical practice.

IE: Ifyou don't know what you're doing, get ahold of someone who does and do it their way.

Frostbite is distinguishable by the hard, pale, and cold quality of skin that has been exposed to the cold for too long. The area is likely to lack sensitivity to touch, although there may be an aching pain. As the area thaws, the flesh becomes red and very painful. Any part of the body may be affected by frostbite, but hands, feet, nose, and ears are the most vulnerable. If only the skin and underlying tissues are damaged, recovery may be complete. However, if blood vessels are affected, the damage is permanent and gangrene can follow. This may require removal (amputation) of the affected part.

Frostbite happens when the moisture in your skin, the water between your skin molecules, gets frozen. This is why you should NOT rub the skin when it is frostbit. You will be rubbing ice crystals against skin molecules and damage them. Simply put, rubbing affected skin is a great way to maximize skin damage.  

Warm the frostbitten skin. Upon warming, it is common to experience intense pain and tingling or burning in the affected area.

Frostbite occurs when the skin and body tissues are exposed to cold temperature for a prolonged period of time. Hands, feet, nose, and ears are most likely to be affected.

Although anyone who is exposed to freezing cold for a prolonged period of time can get frostbite, it is very important to remember that people who are taking beta-blockers, which decrease the flow of blood to the skin, are particularly susceptible. So are people with peripheral vascular disease (a disorder of the arteries). Other things that may increase the risk of frostbite include: smoking, windy weather (which increases the rate of heat loss from skin), diabetes, peripheral neuropathy, and Raynaud's phenomenon.

Symptoms include the following.

The first symptoms are a "pins and needles" sensation followed by numbness. There may be an early throbbing or aching, but later on the affected part becomes insensate (feels like a "block of wood").

Frostbitten skin is hard, pale, cold, and has no feeling. When skin has thawed out, it becomes red and painful (early frostbite). With more severe frostbite, the skin may appear white and numb (tissue has started to freeze).

Very severe frostbite may cause blisters, gangrene (blackened, dead tissue), and damage to deep structures such as tendons, muscles, nerves, and bone.

First Aid should begin as soon as possible.

1. Shelter the person from the cold and move him or her to a warmer place. Remove any constricting jewelry and wet clothing. Look for signs of hypothermia (lowered body temperature) and treat accordingly.

2. If immediate medical help is available, it is usually best to wrap the affected areas in sterile dressings (remember to separate affected fingers and toes) and transport the person to an emergency department for further care.

3. If immediate care is not available, rewarming first aid may be given. Soak the affected areas in warm (never hot) water -- or repeatedly apply warm cloths to affected ears, nose, or cheeks -- for 20 to 30 minutes. The recommended water temperature is 104 to 108 degrees Fahrenheit. Keep circulating the water to aid the warming process. Severe burning pain, swelling, and color changes may occur during warming. Warming is complete when the skin is soft and sensation returns.

4. Apply dry, sterile dressings to the frostbitten areas. Put dressings between frostbitten fingers or toes to keep them separated.

5. Move thawed areas as little as possible.

6. Refreezing of thawed extremities can cause more severe damage. Prevent refreezing by wrapping the thawed areas and keeping the person warm. If protection from refreezing cannot be guaranteed, it may be better to delay the initial rewarming process until a warm, safe location is reached.

7. If the frostbite is extensive, give warm drinks to the person in order to replace lost fluids.

•Do NOT thaw out a frostbitten area if it cannot be kept thawed. Refreezing may make tissue damage even worse.

•Do NOT use direct dry heat (such as a radiator, campfire, heating pad, or hair dryer) to thaw the frostbitten areas. Direct heat can burn the tissues that are already damaged.

•Do NOT rub or massage the affected area.

•Do NOT disturb blisters on frostbitten skin.

•Do NOT smoke or drink alcoholic beverages during recovery as both can interfere with blood circulation.

Contact your health care professional if:

•There has been severe frostbite, or if normal feeling and color do not return promptly after home treatment for mild frostbite

•Frostbite has occurred recently and new symptoms develop, such as fever, malaise, discoloration, or drainage from the affected body part

*Be aware of factors that can contribute to frostbite, such as extreme cold, wet clothes, high winds, and poor circulation. Poor circulation can be caused by tight clothing or boots, cramped positions, fatigue, certain medications, smoking, alcohol use, or diseases that affect the blood vessels, such as diabetes.

Wear suitable clothing in cold temperatures and protect exposed areas. In cold weather, wear mittens (not gloves); wind-proof, water-resistant, layered clothing; two pairs of socks; and a hat or scarf that covers the ears (to avoid substantial heat loss through the scalp).

If you expect to be exposed to the cold for a long period of time, don't drink alcohol or smoke, and get adequate food and rest.

If caught in a severe snowstorm, find shelter early or increase physical activity to maintain body warmth.